Community-based tourism, with locals directly partaking in tourism product and service offerings, is slowly taking shape in Vietnam. According to Vietnam Tourism Association (VITA), which listed the four villages, the initiative helps create jobs, reduce poverty, preserve culture identity, and boost the country’s tourism landscape.

A Nor Village

The hair wash with forest honey locust (bo ket) service attracts travelers
in A Nor Village, Thua Thien-Hue Province.

A Nor in Thua Thien-Hue is 70 km from Hue, capital of the central province, and 3 km from its A Luoi District. The village, at an altitude of 700 m and mainly inhabited by ethnic Pa Co (or Pa Ko), operates four homestays that can accommodate over 30 guests overnight.

Local culture is well preserved in festivals like the three-day, two-night A Rieu (worshipping heaven and earth); A Rieu A Da (new rice festival); and A Rieu Ping (reburying the dead).

At present, a new type of combo service has been introduced to travelers: bathing at A Nor’s three waterfalls, with the highest one at over 120 m, a hair wash, and dental steaming.

Locals pick forest honey locust ("bo ket") and boil them with water to offer guests a hair wash. Guests can also have their teeth whitened with boiled water mixed with leaves called "K Cher", reportedly helping decrease dental decay.

For food, visitors can indulge in "doac" wine, which is so special visitors can drink directly from the tree with the same name and a "quat" (meaning "buffaloes" in Pa Co) cake.

Dang Ngoc, a staff of Saigontourist travel agency in A Nor, said the combo is so far extremely popular among foreign and domestic tourists.

"When a tourist has developed a dental health disease, we let him try the service here. After some time, his symptoms decrease. The folklore medicine really works and tourists like it. Plus, the price is affordable at just VND20,000 ($0.87) for dental steaming and 30,000 for a hair wash."

Ta Lang Village

Tourism products of Co Tu people at Ta Lang Village, Quang Nam Province.

Situated near Ho Chi Minh Highway, Ta Lang Village in Tay Giang District of central Quang Nam Province has managed to preserve its cultural imprint. Travelers can scale the mountains, swim in the river, and make traditional dishes of Co Tu ethnic people in a "Guoi" stilt house.

Nguyen Cong Khanh, a visitor from Hue, said he was really impressed with his first-time trip to Ta Lang.

"Before we came, we researched homestays here, and found it exactly like what we had thought. People here stay in "Guoi" houses, built at the center of the village and featuring one huge pillar at the center and eight smaller pillars around.

"Locals habitually build their own homes around the main "Guoi" house, seen as a sacred site for ancestor worship. The bigger the house, the wealthier the village is considered."

The"za za" dish is a special feature of the village’s distinctive culinary foundation. Specifically, frog, bird, fish, and chicken meat are mixed with asparagus and chilli and stuffed into fresh bamboo pipes then roasted until fragrant, accompanied by chilled "ta vat" wine.

Visitors can also experience the artistic delight of musical instruments like the "Aheen" (three hole flute) and "Abel" (bow string instrument), created by late Dao craftsman Alang Avel.

At present, there are five stilt houses that serve guests, embellished by Co Tu cultural features. Over 30 locals operate homestays in the area. The price is VND70,000 per night.

When night falls, tourists indulge in "Rum cay" folklore music, or "Tung tung da da", a dance to worship heaven, in front of the "Guoi" house.

Sin Suoi Ho

Sin Suoi Ho residents and yellow orchid in Lai Chau Province.

Sin Suoi Ho is a village occupied by H’mong in Phong Tho District, the northern province of Lai Chau. The village, 30 km from Lai Chau Town at an altitude of 1,400 m, experiences mostly cool weather throughout the year.

There is no sign of trash leading up to the village, with pots of yellow orchids seen everywhere. Unlike other villages, no buffaloes are allowed to roam at will.

The village has 123 households, with a population of 658 people, 10 of which take part in community-based tourism. With aid from local authorities, the village can cater to 100 guests, with prices ranging from VND70,000 ($3) to 100,000 per night.

Every year, Sin Suoi Ho welcomes 100,000 foreign and domestic visitors, local data shows. The idea of developing community-based tourism was initiated by village chief Vang A Chinh.

Favored by mild weather conditions, the village is a hub for yellow orchids in the northwestern region, which blooms mostly in spring time.

Vang A Giang, owner of an orchid garden, said on average, each household that combines the homestay and orchid business earns VND200 million ($8,700) to VND300 million per year. "We are also supported and trained by local authorities to operate more professionally."

A homestay in Sin Suoi Ho. Photo by Xu Kien.

After a short trip to the village, Bach Van Anh, a tourist from Hanoi, said the local culture, nature and people left a deep impression on her. "It is a nice and clean place, with orchids and fruits everywhere. We were able to indulge in delicious H’mong food, including "men men", a kind of steamed corn starch typically enjoyed with rice, herbal drinks, and hanging meat."

Tourists might also be attracted by H’mong people's traditional brocade knitting and enjoy experiences like rice harvesting and black cardamom planting.

Nam Dam Village

A community homestay at Nam Dam Village, Ha Giang Province

Home to 51 ethnic Dao households, Nam Dam is 45 km from Ha Giang Town in the eponymous northern province. It is located under Twin Mountains, a symbol of local tourism.

Nam Dam Village has been chosen by provincial authorities as a key destination for developing community-based tourism. Currently, most villagers take part in the homestay business. The village can welcome over 30 visitors a day, with prices ranging from VND80,000 – 100,000 per night.

The project of assisting the poor engage in tourism has been implemented by the charitable Swiss organization Caritas in Vietnam and PanNature, a Vietnamese NGO, since 2012.

Tourists to Nam Dam are invited to try its specialty men men, a kind of steamed corn starch.

Travel blogger Nguyen Hoang Anh Minh wrote that his most exciting experience was watching the ethnic Dao "le cap sac" (coming-of-age ceremony).

The festival is held only for teenage boys over the age of 10 in honor of their ancestors and parents. They are not considered grown-up if failing to take part in such a ceremony.