According to leading brokerage firm SSI Securities Corporation, the total volume of corporate bonds issued in Q1 was VND37.4 trillion (over $1.6 billion), down nearly 24 percent year-on-year. Sixty-two percent, or VND23.15 trillion (nearly $1 billion), of this were issued by real estate developers, a year-on-year decrease of 5 percent.

The proportion of bonds issued by other sectors was much lower: securities companies and non-bank financial institutions accounted for 6.8 percent; energy and mineral enterprises (4.5 percent); commercial banks (3.3 percent); and infrastructure development enterprises (3.1 percent).

The average maturity of real estate bonds issued in Q1 fell sharply to 2.9 years from 3.9 years in 2019 and 2020. Their average interest rate was 10.41 percent per year, the highest rate in the market. The banking sector had the lowest average interest rate at just 4.67 percent per year.

Corporate bonds accounted for 9.2 percent of the total at VND3.4 trillion (nearly $147 million), with their collateral comprised entirely of stocks. These included bonds of PDR of Phat Dat Real Estate Development, KDC of packaged food producer Kido Group, KBC of industrial real estate developer Kinh Bac City Development Holding Corporation, APH of plastic producer An Phat Holdings, and DXG of property developer Dat Xanh Group.

Affected by regulations on investment conditions for privately issued bonds, individual investors only bought VND1.53 trillion worth of corporate bonds on the primary market, just 16 percent of the same period last year.

The Vietnamese government recently issued a decree that limits companies to no more than two bond issuances a year. The decree followed the Ministry of Finance issuing warnings about the potential risks of investing in bonds and telling retail investors "not to purchase bonds just because of high interest rates."