Analysts said the move was aimed at catching up with Chinese competitors who have stolen a march in EVs while Japanese firms have lost ground by focusing more on hybrid vehicles.

Nissan, Honda explore partnership in electric vehicles, illustration photo/ Source: freepik.com

"We are not competing only with the traditional car makers, but also with new players... with innovative products and new business models" as well as "overwhelming price competitiveness and amazing speed," said Nissan CEO Makoto Uchida.

"We cannot win the competition as long as we stick to conventional wisdom and traditional approach," he told a joint news conference announcing a feasibility study of the partnership.

The scope includes automotive software platforms, core components related to EVs, and complementary products, the companies said.

Media reports said the partnership could include joint development of a common EV powertrain -- a so-called e-axle -- and joint procurement of batteries.

Honda CEO Toshihiro Mibe said that there was a "once-in-a-century transformation in the automotive industry".

"Our study criteria will be whether the synergy of the technologies and knowledge that our companies have cultivated will enable us to become industry leaders by creating new value for the automotive industry," he said.

Hybrids that combine battery power and internal combustion engines have proved enduringly popular in Japan, accounting for 40 percent of sales in 2022.

But Japanese firms' focus on hybrids has left them in the slow lane in meeting the growing appetite for purely electric vehicles.

Just 1.7 percent of cars sold in Japan in 2022 were electric -- compared to 15 percent in western Europe and 5.3 percent in the United States.

EVs accounted for as much as 20 percent of new cars sold in China in 2022, and the strength of Chinese auto firms helped the country overtake Japan as the world's biggest auto exporter last year.

Honda and Nissan are even considering cutting production capacity in China as sales decline, according to media reports.

"Both of the companies are not at a high-enough scale to create enough profit margins... so they are actually under pressure to find a partnership," said Chris Redl, an auto analyst in Japan.

"Even though they were very fierce rivals historically, it makes more sense for Nissan to get together with a Japanese company like Honda, rather than having these cultural wars with an alliance partner like Renault" of France, he said.

Nissan and Renault were in a major alliance but after years of tensions -- including Japan's arrest of Nissan boss Carlos Ghosn in 2018 -- the two companies are now "rebalancing" their ties.

Honda in October scrapped a tie-up aimed at making "affordable" EVs with US giant General Motors although the two firms are aiming to deploy self-driving taxis in Tokyo from 2026.