While the world economy is undergoing many changes, especially in management, economics, technology, and sustainable development, new technologies and AI are promoting the digitalisation process globally, opening up new opportunities for businesses to improve management efficiency and optimise processes.

However, there are also challenges related to resource management, environmental impact, climate change, and increasing demands for sustainable development. Countries and businesses around the world are facing great pressure to adapt to such change and build sustainable financial and business management strategies to maintain competitiveness.

Nguyen Anh Thu, vice-rector of VNU - University of Economics & Business, believes management accounting is no longer just about tracking financial performance; it has become a powerful tool for promoting sustainable growth and fostering digital innovation.

"We are entering an era of digital transformation, where technologies such as AI, big data analytics, and blockchain are reshaping the way businesses operate. Simultaneously, we are also confronted with the pressing issue of sustainability, a global priority that requires every organisation to think about its impact on the environment and society," said Thu.

"The themes of the plenary session on navigating the digital landscape are critical for the profession's future and for the responsible development of businesses worldwide. We need to consider how digitalisation and sustainability can be harmonised through advanced management accounting practices to build resilient and ethical organisations," Thu added.

Prof. Gerhard Schorr, former member, Executive Board, Baden-Württemberg Cooperative Audit Association

Prof. Gerhard Schorr - former member of the Executive Board of the Baden-Württemberg Cooperative Audit Association in Germany, spoke about green finance in the EU. The European Green Deal from 2019 aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 by reducing pollution, protecting wildlife and tress, utilising clean products and technologies, and ensuring a just and inclusive green transition.

These solutions are based on EU taxonomy, EU green bonds, Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation, Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and EU Climate Law. SFDR is related to disclosures of sustainability, which can be useful information for investors.

"EU taxonomy is a sophisticated system for recording economic activities as green, but not all economic activities have a chance to contribute to environmental objectives – that's frustrating for many undertakings," said Schorr.

EU taxonomy encompasses a standard set of definitions for sustainable activities centred around climate change mitigation and adaption, the sustainable use and protection of water and marine resources, the transition to a circular economy, waste prevention and recycling, pollution prevention and control, and to the protection of healthy ecosystem.

Prof. Shahzad Uddin, director, the Centre for Accountability and Global Development, Essex Business School

Prof. Shahzad Uddin - director of the Centre for Accountability and Global Development under Essex Business School, University of Essex, said, "Digitalisation changes the nature of work, with automation and AI potentially displacing traditional jobs while creating new opportunities in digital industries. Research should explore the future of work, including remote working, the gig economy, and the skills needed for a digital workforce."

"Moreover, digitalisation affects social interactions, communication, and culture. Studies should examine how social media, digital content creation, and online communities redefine identity, influence politics, and shape public opinion." said Uddin, before adding, "Issues of digital access focus on how digitalisation can both bridge and widen gaps between different social groups, regions, or countries, leading to debates on the digital divide and inclusivity."

Assoc. Prof. Svelana Tereshchenko from Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University in Russia shared her views concerning sustainable development in her home country.

According to a report on Sustainability Reporting Practice of Russian Enterprises, in 2023, Russia's sustainable development agenda remained relevant despite the pressure of geopolitical risks. 68 per cent of respondents said that sustainable development is still a priority for them, and 19 per cent said that sustainable development is still included in their development strategy, although funding has been reduced.

"More and more companies consider the requirements of the Moscow Exchange and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, and many firms are also orientated towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals," Tereshchenko said.

"This growing emphasis on social responsibility shows that Russian enterprises are paying more attention to social responsibility," she added.