Singapore, Indonesia, Vietnam, and others all boast stronger policies for chip-related manufacturing, photo Le Toan

During the ASEAN Future Forum 2025 held in Hanoi late last month, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar bin Ibrahim stated that member states need to cement cooperation in manufacturing semiconductors to turn Southeast Asia into a major hub for such products.

“Malaysia is leading the region in semiconductor manufacturing and the country’s leaders fully support the development of this industry,” PM Ibrahim told Vietnamese counterpart Pham Minh Chinh.

Malaysia began to develop semiconductor products about 20 years ago, with the participation of high-tech investors from the US, China, South Korea, and Japan. This success needs to be shared among other ASEAN nations, according to PM Ibrahim.

Malaysia is the world’s sixth-largest exporter of semiconductors, accounting for 13 per cent of the global assembly, testing and packaging market. It aims to lure in $115 billion worth of investments by 2030.

Last week, British chip company Arm Holdings inked a deal with Malaysia to bolster its efforts to produce high-end semiconductors. The deal will see Softbank-owned Arm provide chip designs and other technology, helping Malaysia to move into more value-added production such as wafer fabrication and integrated circuit design. Malaysia reported to be paying $250 million over a decade to receive support from Arm Holdings.

Malaysia’s national semiconductor strategy aims to invest over $100 billion in advanced technologies. In May 2024, the Malaysian government committed to invest at least $5.6 billion in the semiconductor industry, with the goal of being self-sufficient in chip manufacturing within the next 5–10 years.

“Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand also want to develop semiconductors, so all of us need to stay united and boost cooperation in this industry. Malaysia stands ready to support Vietnam in this endeavour,” PM Ibrahim said.

The global semiconductor industry is undergoing a significant transformation, with ASEAN emerging as a prominent player. Geopolitical tensions have opened opportunities for the region, with key contributors like Singapore and Malaysia leading the way.

ASEAN, in its effort to diversify the global supply chain, has recorded impressive growth. Total semiconductor exports from the region reached $268.8 billion in 2023, accounting for almost one-quarter of the global market. A 41.6 per cent increase in exports from 2018 to 2023 underscores the industry’s growth in this area.

Vietnam’s semiconductor industry is led by strategic government policies, raising foreign investment, and a growing demand for chips in various industries. With a projected market value of $31.28 billion by 2027 and a compound annual growth rate of 11.6 per cent from 2023 to 2027, Vietnam is steadily positioning itself as a key player in the global semiconductor supply chain, according to Dezan Shira & Associates.

After Vietnam and the US forged a comprehensive strategic partnership in 2023, the former’s semiconductor industry has been beefed up, with larger participation from global semiconductor giants such as Intel, OnSemi, Hana Micron, and Amkor. They are particularly found in outsourced semiconductor assembly and test (OSAT) facilities in the northern region, and research and development centres in the south.

Under Vietnam’s semiconductor strategy towards 2030, with a vision extending to 2050, the country will centre on talent development, manufacturing capacity, and global integration. According to the strategy, the country will establish at least 100 design companies, one small-scale manufacturing facility, and 10 packaging and testing plants, with annual revenue in the semiconductor industry of $25 billion, all by the end of this decade.

Those revenues will aimed to be doubled by 2024 and, from there to mid-century doubled again to $100 billion, with Vietnam seeking to boast 300 design companies, three fabrication plants, and 20 OSAT plants.

However, experts said a lack of high-quality personnel, underdeveloped infrastructure, and administrative hurdles need to be addressed.

Other ASEAN countries, such as Indonesia and Singapore, are also ramping up efforts.

Singapore is expanding its wafer fabrication zones and enhancing business support services. According to Singapore’s Economic Development Board, over the past decades, Singapore has become a semiconductor powerhouse, holding 10 per cent of the global chip production and about a fifth of the world’s chip-making gear.

Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong in his budget speech late last month said that Singapore has attracted global AI and quantum computing firms. He pledged to spend around SGD1 billion ($747 million) on a new chip research facility.

Singapore already houses plants for blue-chip US manufacturers including memory chip specialist Micron, outsource manufacturer GlobalFoundries and fabrication-equipment supplier Applied Materials.

Meanwhile, Indonesia, with its abundant raw materials, is developing a supply chain from raw material extraction to production. This regional competition not only elevates ASEAN’s position in the global semiconductor market but also fosters collaboration to create an integrated value chain.

“To strongly develop the semiconductor industry successfully, we need to pay special attention to training high-quality personnel,” Malaysian PM Ibrahim said.

Vietnam is aiming to train 50,000 skilled engineers for the industry by 2030 and about 100,000 by 2040.